Indian Bison (Gaur)
Indian Bison (Gaur)
Context
In recent ecological assessments, the population of the Indian Bison, commonly known as the Gaur, has shown a significant increase within the Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary in Odisha. This surge highlights the effectiveness of local conservation efforts and habitat management in the region.
About the News
- Location Focus: Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary, situated near the Hirakud Dam in Odisha, has emerged as a critical stronghold for the species.
- Population Trend: Systematic monitoring indicates a healthy growth rate, attributed to improved protection against poaching and the restoration of grassland ecosystems.
- Scientific Classification: * Scientific Name: Bos gaurus
- Characteristics: It is the largest species among the wild cattle and the bovids, known for its massive build and high convex ridge on the forehead.
Conservation and Legal Framework
The Gaur is afforded the highest levels of legal protection to ensure its survival against habitat loss and hunting.
- IUCN Red List: Classified as Vulnerable. This status reflects a declining global population trend due to habitat fragmentation and potential disease transmission from domestic cattle.
- CITES: Listed under Appendix I. This prohibits international trade of the species or its body parts, except for non-commercial purposes like scientific research.
- Wildlife Protection Act (1972): Listed under Schedule I. This provides the species with absolute protection in India, with the highest penalties for offenses committed against them.